Stem cells and advanced tissue engineering for regenerative medicine
2021年1月25日〜1月28日WEB
Stem cells and advanced tissue engineering for regenerative medicine
2021年1月25日〜1月28日WEB
[2]Exosomal proteins: Roles in cancer detection and pre-metastatic niche formation.
○Ayuko Hoshino(Associate Professor, Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Education:
University of Tokyo
Ph.D. in Cell and Molecular Biology, 2011
M.Sc. in Cell and Molecular Biology, 2008
Professional Career:
2011-2015 Postdoctoral Associate. Weill Cornell Medicine, New York.
2015-2016 Research associate. Weill Cornell Medicine, New York.
2016-2019 Instructor. Weill Cornell Medicine, New York.
2019-current Adjunct Assistant Professor. Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
Department of Pediatrics
2019-2020 Lecturer. IRCN, The University of Tokyo
2019-current PRESTO researcher
2020-current Associate Professor. Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology
For over 130 years, metastatic organotropism remained as one of the greatest mysteries in cancer biology. Experimental evidence indicates that tumor-derived microvesicles, referred to as exosomes, released by lung-, liver- and brain-tropic tumor cells fuse with cells at their future metastatic sites preparing the pre-metastatic niche. Proteomic profiling of exosomes revealed integrin expression patterns associated with lung and liver metastasis, whereas CEMIP in brain tropic exosomes enhanced metastasis in the brain. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the exosomal protein cargo and tumor progression, we investigated the proteomic profile of exosomes in 426 human samples from tissue explants, plasma and other bodily fluids. Machine learning classification of plasma-derived exosome proteomes revealed 95% sensitivity/90% specificity in identifying cancer-associated exosomes. We found that the protein signatures that determine cancer types were derived from a variety of sources, including tumor tissue, distant organs, as well as the immune system, emphasizing the importance of using non-cancer cell-derived exosomal signatures to identify cancer-associated alterations and define tumor-associated biomarkers. Finally, we defined a panel of tumor-type specific exosomal proteins in plasma, which may help classify tumors of unknown primary origin. These data suggest that tumor-associated exosomal proteins could be used as biomarkers for early-stage cancer detection and potentially for diagnosing tumors of unknown primary origin. Program [PDF]