Presentation Information
[P01-045]Quantifying diel dynamics of fish communities using high-frequency eDNA metabarcoding
○Keisuke Ota1 (1. Tohoku University (Japan))
Keywords:
diel dynamics,fish community,high-frequency eDNA,population dynamics,environmental response,eDNA metabarcoding
[Purpose]
Animal daily biological cycles are diverse. However, in the field study, capturing such diel patterns of multi-species simultaneously through direct observation is challenging because successful investigation requires high-frequency data collection with minimal diel observational bias.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a promising approach for non-invasive and efficient monitoring of the multi-species occurrences without diel observation bias. However, its application remains limited for quantifying short-term biological cycles of diverse fish species and examining their relationships with multiple environmental cycles. Here, based on high-frequency eDNA surveys of coastal fish communities, we comprehensively evaluate short-term temporal shifts in both fish populations and communities, as well as their links to environmental cycles.
[Method]
In this research, to investigate short-term temporal dynamics of fish communities, we conducted bi-hourly quantitative eDNA metabarcoding surveys using MiFish primers over three days at two coastal sites. By quantifying diel dynamics of diverse fish, we examined relationships between their diel patterns and habitat types. To identify the relationships between short-term temporal dynamics of fish and multiple environmental cycles, we conducted a Bayesian analysis that explicitly identifies how short-term temporal occurrence patterns of fish species relate to daily and tidal environmental cycles.
[Results]
Observed species exhibited distinct temporal occurrence patterns. Fish community distributions significantly differed across day and night. The quantified diel patterns of each fish species showed relationships with fish habitat types. We further identified the relative contributions of daily and tidal cycles to temporal dynamics of fish species.
[Consideration]
By quantifying diel dynamics of diverse fish, we revealed that the combination of daily and tidal cycles may shape the short-term temporal dynamics of some fish species. The observed diel dynamics of fish were consistent with known ecologies of various fish species. The differences in fish detections between daytime and nighttime across habitats might be driven by fish movements associated with local environments.
[Conclusion]
Through high-frequency eDNA surveys, we obtained results consistent with previous studies using conventional methods, indicating that high-frequency eDNA monitoring could capture short-term temporal shifts in both fish communities and populations. Moreover, by quantifying the diel dynamics of diverse fish comprehensively, this approach enabled us to explore the relationship between fish diel dynamics and their ecological characteristics. As the eDNA techniques demonstrated here are broadly applicable across taxa, such fine-scale and simultaneous investigation into short-term biological cycles of many species in the natural environment will enable effective monitoring of temporal dynamics in aquatic biodiversity.
Animal daily biological cycles are diverse. However, in the field study, capturing such diel patterns of multi-species simultaneously through direct observation is challenging because successful investigation requires high-frequency data collection with minimal diel observational bias.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a promising approach for non-invasive and efficient monitoring of the multi-species occurrences without diel observation bias. However, its application remains limited for quantifying short-term biological cycles of diverse fish species and examining their relationships with multiple environmental cycles. Here, based on high-frequency eDNA surveys of coastal fish communities, we comprehensively evaluate short-term temporal shifts in both fish populations and communities, as well as their links to environmental cycles.
[Method]
In this research, to investigate short-term temporal dynamics of fish communities, we conducted bi-hourly quantitative eDNA metabarcoding surveys using MiFish primers over three days at two coastal sites. By quantifying diel dynamics of diverse fish, we examined relationships between their diel patterns and habitat types. To identify the relationships between short-term temporal dynamics of fish and multiple environmental cycles, we conducted a Bayesian analysis that explicitly identifies how short-term temporal occurrence patterns of fish species relate to daily and tidal environmental cycles.
[Results]
Observed species exhibited distinct temporal occurrence patterns. Fish community distributions significantly differed across day and night. The quantified diel patterns of each fish species showed relationships with fish habitat types. We further identified the relative contributions of daily and tidal cycles to temporal dynamics of fish species.
[Consideration]
By quantifying diel dynamics of diverse fish, we revealed that the combination of daily and tidal cycles may shape the short-term temporal dynamics of some fish species. The observed diel dynamics of fish were consistent with known ecologies of various fish species. The differences in fish detections between daytime and nighttime across habitats might be driven by fish movements associated with local environments.
[Conclusion]
Through high-frequency eDNA surveys, we obtained results consistent with previous studies using conventional methods, indicating that high-frequency eDNA monitoring could capture short-term temporal shifts in both fish communities and populations. Moreover, by quantifying the diel dynamics of diverse fish comprehensively, this approach enabled us to explore the relationship between fish diel dynamics and their ecological characteristics. As the eDNA techniques demonstrated here are broadly applicable across taxa, such fine-scale and simultaneous investigation into short-term biological cycles of many species in the natural environment will enable effective monitoring of temporal dynamics in aquatic biodiversity.
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