Presentation Information
[O-7-03]Understanding Suicidal Behaviors Among Adolescents in Indonesia: An Analysis of Risk and Protective Factors
*Aulia Rizka Fadilla (University of Indonesia(Indonesia))
Keywords:
adolescent,suicide risk factors,suicide protective factors,Indonesia
Suicide is a global public health issue and a leading cause of death among adolescents. Based on secondary data from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS; N = 8.889; 43% male and 57% female), around 5% of adolescents had suicidal ideation and made suicide plans, while around 2.5% had attempted suicide. This research aims to examine the risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts among Indonesian adolescents aged 10–17 years. This research data was collected throughout Indonesia, including Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and other islands.
The findings indicate that risk factors for suicidal behaviors include experiencing loneliness, being in early adolescence, being male, being physically attacked, being involved in physical fights, being physically bullied, and having initiated alcohol use at an earlier age. Protective factors include having close friends, perceiving peers as kind and helpful, and feeling understood by parents.
In addition, several moderation models were also investigated. Moderation analyses were conducted using all identified risk variables, with age and gender specified as moderators. The results showed that only age significantly moderated the relationship between several risk factors and suicidal behavior. Specifically, the relationship between being physically attacked and attempting suicide was stronger among older adolescents. In contrast, the association between physical fighting and suicidal ideation, as well as between early alcohol initiation and suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts, were weaker among older adolescents compared to younger one. These findings indicate that early alcohol use has a stronger effect on younger adolescents. This study emphasises the importance of tailored prevention strategies considering demographic, behavioural, and psychosocial factors to reduce suicidal behaviour among adolescents in Indonesia.
The findings indicate that risk factors for suicidal behaviors include experiencing loneliness, being in early adolescence, being male, being physically attacked, being involved in physical fights, being physically bullied, and having initiated alcohol use at an earlier age. Protective factors include having close friends, perceiving peers as kind and helpful, and feeling understood by parents.
In addition, several moderation models were also investigated. Moderation analyses were conducted using all identified risk variables, with age and gender specified as moderators. The results showed that only age significantly moderated the relationship between several risk factors and suicidal behavior. Specifically, the relationship between being physically attacked and attempting suicide was stronger among older adolescents. In contrast, the association between physical fighting and suicidal ideation, as well as between early alcohol initiation and suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts, were weaker among older adolescents compared to younger one. These findings indicate that early alcohol use has a stronger effect on younger adolescents. This study emphasises the importance of tailored prevention strategies considering demographic, behavioural, and psychosocial factors to reduce suicidal behaviour among adolescents in Indonesia.