Poster 28

[P-28-02] Salivary Alpha-Amylase in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review

*bintang arroyantri prananjaya¹, Lathifah Nudhar², Syarifah Aini¹, Puji Rizki Suryani¹, Diyaz Syauki Ikhsan¹ (1.Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia(Indonesia), 2.Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia(Indonesia))

Keywords:

Saliva Alpha-Amylase,Psychiatric disorders,chronic stress

Introduction: Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is an enzyme that changes when a human being is faced with stress, and its secretion is by activating the autonomic nervous system. The impact of stress on salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) production has been investigated since the late 1970s with controversial findings. Further studies manage to find a relationship between these two. Objective: This paper particularly focus on the association between salivary alpha amylase (sAA) and various mental illness and chronic stress. Method: We conducted the searches in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection. We included the search terms “salivary alpha amylase”, “chronic stress”, “psychiatric disorders” and “mental illness” to find the relevant papers. The searches on 3 online databases resulted in 2049 papers, 641 of them removed because of duplication. After the papers screened, we included 16 studies in this paper, the methods to measure salivary alpha-amylase varies in the papers. We provide descriptive statistics to compare the results of the articles. Results: Seven articles discussed sAA in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). These studies shown mixed results regarding the sAA levels on depressed and non-depressed individuals. Three papers described the sAA in schizophrenia patients. The sAA as neurobiological measurement as indicators for stress has been proposed to be altered in schizophrenia patients. The study of HPA axis in Social Anxiety Disorder previously investigated the cortisol levels with controversial results. Thoma et al (2011) studied the neurobiological marker in Bosnian War refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder. The graphic of sAA in PTSD showed an increase with significant difference in the slope between group. Paszynska et al (2019) held a research including 92 anorexia nervosa patients and 75 healthy controls to measure the neurobiological marker including sAA. The research concluded that there is no significant differences of sAA between anorexia nervosa individuals and healthy controls. Conclusion: The results show that the relationship between sAA and psychiatric disorders is still inconsistent. However, sAA can be a neurobiological indicator for various psychiatric disorders.