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Of time and memory in cognitive neurosciences: how the observer flaws our understanding of time

We segment time into past, present, and future, and scale temporal phenomenologies to “now”, a lifetime or universal times. This operationalization provides a practical approach to the study of temporal cognition, but it also suggests that neural systems process information differently when it is available in the present than when it is not. In cognitive neuroscience, this operationalization also divides the study of time into timing research, which focuses on online time perception (the integration of past experiences and prior knowledge to inform expectations and future predictions) and memory research, centered on the reconstruction of past events and foresight or imagination. Interestingly, both approaches require a temporal coordinate system or reference frame for time to enable the flexible mapping of information. Yet neither domain directly tackles the issue. The physical realization of a mental time axis in the brain currently eludes existing frameworks.

Time is experienced in myriad ways, between periods of high stability and instability, governing the ways in which we experience everyday moments, encode memories, make decisions, plan and organize our thoughts. The time perception researcher is thus faced with a challenge unlike other domains: whence to begin?<br>At the TRF2 meeting, we held a special event dedicated to the near-term goals of time perception research &ndash; the timing &ldquo;moonshot&rdquo;; in this symposium, we will bidirectionally extend this horizon to provide an overview of the past, the present, and the future of time perception research. That is, what does the history and emergence of timing research tell us about where it may be headed? What are the challenges, both common to other disciplines and unique to our own, in studying &ldquo;time&rdquo;? What answers have we achieved, with the advent of new technologies and recording techniques, and what remains unknown, or unknowable? Each of the four speakers will thus provide their own unique perspective on these questions. Unlike other symposia, the talks will be shorter in length and will be followed by a panel discussion among the speakers with a moderator and questions. The intended audience is early career scientists and students, with the goal being to help guide future inquiries and enable success, whether continuing in time perception research or exploring other domains.

Symposium 4: The Varieties of Temporal Experience: The Past, Present, and Future of Time Perception Research

Timing Research Forum 4

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[S4-03]Of time and memory in cognitive neurosciences: how the observer flaws our understanding of time

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