講演情報
[INTS5-1]Colonoscopy as a Cornerstone in the Diagnosis and Management of Colorectal Polyps
*Aynur Kamal Safiyeva1 (1. Central Customs Hospital, Baku , Azerbaijan, General Surgery Department, Azerbaijan)
Background: Colorectal polyps are among the most common pathologies of the large intestine, predominantly affecting individuals over 50 years of age, with equal distribution between sexes. As precancerous lesions, colorectal polyps play a critical role in the development of colorectal cancer, with approximately 90% of cancers arising from adenomatous polyps. The risk of malignant transformation increases with polyp size.
Aim:To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of colonoscopy in the detection and management of colorectal polyps.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,375 patients who underwent colonoscopy. Indications included abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, bloating, altered bowel habits, mucus or bloody discharge, constipation, and screening in patients over 40 years of age. Endoscopic polypectomy was performed in 118 patients using snare and biopsy forceps techniques, and all specimens were submitted for histopathological examination.Results:
Polyps detected in the colon and rectum were managed according to size. Polyps smaller than 0.5 cm were removed using biopsy forceps, while larger polyps were excised using a snare. A positive correlation was observed between polyp size and histopathological severity. Smaller polyps were predominantly hyperplastic, whereas larger lesions were more frequently adenomatous. Follow-up colonoscopy was recommended at 1 year for tubular adenomas and at 6 months for tubulovillous and villous adenomas. High-grade dysplasia was identified in two patients, both of whom were referred for surgical intervention. Bleeding occurred in three patients during polypectomy and was successfully managed endoscopically. Recurrent polyps were detected in four patients during follow-up.
Conclusion:
Colonoscopy is the gold standard for both the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal polyps. Its accurate and thorough application enables early detection, effective management, and appropriate surveillance, significantly reducing the risk of colorectal cancer.
Aim:To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of colonoscopy in the detection and management of colorectal polyps.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,375 patients who underwent colonoscopy. Indications included abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, bloating, altered bowel habits, mucus or bloody discharge, constipation, and screening in patients over 40 years of age. Endoscopic polypectomy was performed in 118 patients using snare and biopsy forceps techniques, and all specimens were submitted for histopathological examination.Results:
Polyps detected in the colon and rectum were managed according to size. Polyps smaller than 0.5 cm were removed using biopsy forceps, while larger polyps were excised using a snare. A positive correlation was observed between polyp size and histopathological severity. Smaller polyps were predominantly hyperplastic, whereas larger lesions were more frequently adenomatous. Follow-up colonoscopy was recommended at 1 year for tubular adenomas and at 6 months for tubulovillous and villous adenomas. High-grade dysplasia was identified in two patients, both of whom were referred for surgical intervention. Bleeding occurred in three patients during polypectomy and was successfully managed endoscopically. Recurrent polyps were detected in four patients during follow-up.
Conclusion:
Colonoscopy is the gold standard for both the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal polyps. Its accurate and thorough application enables early detection, effective management, and appropriate surveillance, significantly reducing the risk of colorectal cancer.