講演情報

[P8-3]プルトニウム被ばく作業員の染色体分析

穐山 美穂1, 富永 隆子2, 高島 良生1, 栗原 治1, 數藤 由美子1 (1.量子科学技術研究開発機構 放射線医学研究所 計測・線量評価部, 2.量子科学技術研究開発機構 放射線医学研究所 放射線緊急事態対応部)
On June 6, 2017, five workers accidentally inhaled plutonium compounds during their operations to inspect storage container including nuclear materials at a facility of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. We conducted dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) for the workers in the course of health examinations. They were firstly administered with a chelating agent (Ca-DTPA) before blood sampling. Their estimated doses by DCA were at background levels, suggesting a little possibility of severe whole-body external exposure causing acute radiation syndrome. In 2019, another protocol for biodosimetry, FISH translocation analysis (FISH-tr), was newly developed by International Organization for Standardization (ISO 20046, 2019). The present study applied FISH-tr using three-colored chromosome paints to the the same series of samples for DCA and blood samples from five control donors in order to confirm the effectiveness of this protocol. As a result, the worker's estimated doses were below 0.1 Gy. Age is known to be the major factor that determines the background frequency of translocations. However, the formula for age-adjustment proposed in the ISO standard was unsuccessful in some cases, suggesting a wide interindividual difference in the background translocations. Effect of the smoking habit was also investigated. Two workers showed higher frequency of metaphases having highly bending and twisting chromosomes (2.0-6.1%) than controls (0%) and higher concentration of calcium in blood. Further studies are necessary on the above aging effect for more accurate cytogenetic dose estimation.