Presentation Information
[APP1-18]A Novel HTS Condenser for Coordinated Inertia-VAR Support in Power Systems
*Dong Zhang1,2, Danyang Wang1,2, Runqian Gao1,2, Haotian Zhang1,2, Jingwei Tian1,2, Guomin Zhang1,2 (1. Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (China))
Keywords:
Inertia condenser,Flywheel energy storage,Inertia-reactive power coordination,Dynamic reactance,HTS magnet
With the rapid development of new power systems and the increasing integration of high-penetration renewable energy, the gradual phase-out of traditional synchronous generators has led to a sharp decline in grid inertia, severely threatening frequency stability and transient operational reliability [1]. Meanwhile, increasingly complex dynamic disturbances impose higher demands for flexible reactive power compensation capabilities [2]. Addressing the challenge of synergistic optimization between synchronous inertia support and dynamic reactive power compensation in low-inertia grids, this paper proposes a novel high-temperature superconducting (HTS) inertia-synchronous condenser. This device integrates superconducting power technology, flywheel energy storage, and condenser technology to achieve high power density, an ultra-wide reactive power regulation range, and stable operation under low excitation, thereby enabling deep coordination and optimization of inertia and reactive power during power system faults and various operational scenarios.
This study thoroughly investigates the key operational mechanisms, new topology, and steady-state/transient electromagnetic characteristics of the HTS inertia condenser. Specifically, it elucidates the core operational principles of the HTS inertia-synchronous condenser under its unique topology, which tightly couples the HTS condenser with a high-inertia rotor through speed linkage to enhance overall inertia support capability. A precise multi-physics coupled model is established to analyze how the superconducting magnetic field precisely regulates reactive power output and power factor during steady-state operation. Furthermore, under transient fault conditions, the study examines the complex coupling effects of current surges on the electrothermal behavior of HTS windings, dynamic reactance characteristics, and rotor mechanical responses, providing a theoretical foundation for stable operation and protection design.
The study evaluates the role of the novel HTS condenser in typical grid application scenarios. For instance, in weak grids, large-scale renewable energy integration areas, and flexible DC receiving-end systems, it significantly enhances fault ride-through capability, effectively suppresses frequency dips and electromechanical oscillations, improves damping characteristics, and delivers continuous, precise dynamic reactive power support, thereby substantially enhancing grid resilience. The research outcomes provide an engineering solution for inertia-reactive power support in high-penetration renewable energy grids, offering critical technical support for building a new generation of robust and resilient power systems.
This study thoroughly investigates the key operational mechanisms, new topology, and steady-state/transient electromagnetic characteristics of the HTS inertia condenser. Specifically, it elucidates the core operational principles of the HTS inertia-synchronous condenser under its unique topology, which tightly couples the HTS condenser with a high-inertia rotor through speed linkage to enhance overall inertia support capability. A precise multi-physics coupled model is established to analyze how the superconducting magnetic field precisely regulates reactive power output and power factor during steady-state operation. Furthermore, under transient fault conditions, the study examines the complex coupling effects of current surges on the electrothermal behavior of HTS windings, dynamic reactance characteristics, and rotor mechanical responses, providing a theoretical foundation for stable operation and protection design.
The study evaluates the role of the novel HTS condenser in typical grid application scenarios. For instance, in weak grids, large-scale renewable energy integration areas, and flexible DC receiving-end systems, it significantly enhances fault ride-through capability, effectively suppresses frequency dips and electromechanical oscillations, improves damping characteristics, and delivers continuous, precise dynamic reactive power support, thereby substantially enhancing grid resilience. The research outcomes provide an engineering solution for inertia-reactive power support in high-penetration renewable energy grids, offering critical technical support for building a new generation of robust and resilient power systems.