Presentation Information
[WE3-1]High-Speed Modulator Technology: Material and Design Evolution (InP, Si, TF-LN)
○Suguru Akiyama
High-speed modulators are key devices in optical transceivers for communication. The demands for higher capacity, miniaturization, and lower power consumption in transceivers have required modulators to simultaneously achieve high speed, high efficiency, and compact integration. Although these improvements are challenging due to intertwined performance metrics, various methods have been explored in recent years in terms of materials and device structures.
Materials such as InP, TF-LN, and Si, and device structures like electro-absorption-type, Mach-Zehnder-type, and those based on ring resonators, have been investigated. The practical modulators vary depending on the generation and application. This tutorial aims to understand this situation, including the reasons behind it. Specifically, we aim to understand the operating principles and characteristics of individual modulators and discuss their intrinsic advantages and performance limitations to aid future directions.
We will first introduce the performance requirements, key metrics, and design constraints common to modulators. Next, we will explain the principles and characteristics of various materials and device structures mentioned above, along with their benchmarks. In the latter part, we will introduce recent studies from various research institutions focusing on techniques to achieve 100 GHz bandwidth and/or low-power operation for these modulators.
Bio: Suguru Akiyama received his B.S. from Tokyo Institute of Technology (currently Tokyo Institute of Science) in 1995 and his M.E. from The University of Tokyo in 1997. In the same year, he joined the Fujitsu Group, where he worked in the R&D of photonics for telecommunications until his retirement in 2024. He was particularly involved in the development of high-speed optical modulators and achieved several accomplishments in this field, such as 40Gbps operation with an InP-based Mach-Zehnder modulator in 2002. Additionally, he contributed to the early-stage development of silicon photonics, including research on modulators using resonators. These accomplishments led to him receiving a Ph.D. from the University of Tsukuba in 2013. In recent years, he led product development projects for photonic integrated circuits. After retiring from the Fujitsu Group in 2024, he joined Dexerials Corporation, where he currently works as a Lead Engineer in the R&D of photonics products.
Materials such as InP, TF-LN, and Si, and device structures like electro-absorption-type, Mach-Zehnder-type, and those based on ring resonators, have been investigated. The practical modulators vary depending on the generation and application. This tutorial aims to understand this situation, including the reasons behind it. Specifically, we aim to understand the operating principles and characteristics of individual modulators and discuss their intrinsic advantages and performance limitations to aid future directions.
We will first introduce the performance requirements, key metrics, and design constraints common to modulators. Next, we will explain the principles and characteristics of various materials and device structures mentioned above, along with their benchmarks. In the latter part, we will introduce recent studies from various research institutions focusing on techniques to achieve 100 GHz bandwidth and/or low-power operation for these modulators.
Bio: Suguru Akiyama received his B.S. from Tokyo Institute of Technology (currently Tokyo Institute of Science) in 1995 and his M.E. from The University of Tokyo in 1997. In the same year, he joined the Fujitsu Group, where he worked in the R&D of photonics for telecommunications until his retirement in 2024. He was particularly involved in the development of high-speed optical modulators and achieved several accomplishments in this field, such as 40Gbps operation with an InP-based Mach-Zehnder modulator in 2002. Additionally, he contributed to the early-stage development of silicon photonics, including research on modulators using resonators. These accomplishments led to him receiving a Ph.D. from the University of Tsukuba in 2013. In recent years, he led product development projects for photonic integrated circuits. After retiring from the Fujitsu Group in 2024, he joined Dexerials Corporation, where he currently works as a Lead Engineer in the R&D of photonics products.
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