Presentation Information
[OE5-4]Prokaryotic and viral genome recovered from 787 Japanese gut metagenomes revealed population-specific microbial features
○Yoshihiko Tomofuji1, Toshihiro Kishikawa1, Yuichi Maeda1, Kotaro Ogawa 1, Yuriko Otake1, Shuhei Kawabata1, Takuro Nii 1, Tatsusada Okuno1（Tatsusada Okuno）, Eri Oguro-Igashira 1, Makoto Kinoshita 1, Masatoshi Takagaki 1, Naoki Oyama 3, Kenichi Todo 1, Kenichi Yamamoto 1, Kyuto Sonehara1, Mayu Yagita1, Akiko Hosokawa4, Daisuke Motooka2, Yuki Matsumoto 2, Hidetoshi Matsuoka7, Maiko Yoshimura7, Shiro Ohshima7, Shinichiro Shinzaki1, Shota Nakamura 2, Hideki Iijima1, Hidenori Inohara1, Haruhiko Kishima1, Tetsuro Takehara1, Hideki Mochizuki1, Kiyoshi Takeda1, Atsushi Kumanogoh1, Yukinori Okada1,5,6 (1.Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan, 2 Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan, 3 Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan, 4 Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Japan, 5 Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Japan, 6 RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi, Japan, 7 NHO Osaka Minami Medical Center, Kawachinagano, Japan)
Microbial genomes recovered from the gut metagenome sequencing reads are important resources for studying the gut microbiome. However, the current populational diversity of the prokaryotic genomes is still limited because the number of microbial genomes recovered from populations other than European, North American, and Chinese is relatively low.Here, we reconstructed 19,084 prokaryotic and 31,395 viral genomes from the 787 Japanese gut metagenome shotgun sequencing data as Japanese Metagenome Assembled Genomes (JMAG) and Japanese Virus Database (JVD) and made them publicly available.Population-specific enrichment of the Bacillus subtilis and β-porphyranase among the JMAG could derive from the Japanese traditional food natto and nori, respectively. Five food-associated species (four dairy-related species and natto-related Bacillus subtilis) were shared among the Japanese at the strain level and two dairy-related species were nominally associated with the East Asian-specific missense variant rs671 in ALDH2 which was associated with dairy consumption. As for the viral genomes, 62.9% of the species-level clusters in the JVD were novel. The composition of the β crAss-like phages was low among Japanese but relatively high among the Africans and Oceanians. Several clades of the crAss-like phages decreased in rheumatic diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases but increased in colorectal cancer. Analysis on the CRISPR sequences significantly expanded the catalog of the virus-host pairs and revealed that abundances of the viruses and their hosts tended to be positively correlated.