Presentation Information
[MS09-01]Modelling and morphometric analysis of seal teeth
*Karin Ikeda1, Koji Noshita1 (1. Kyushu University (Japan))
Keywords:
Morphometrics,Morphological Evolution,seal
Morphological evolution often involves significant and discontinuous phenotypic changes despite small genetic variation. The nonlinear relationship between genotype and phenotype (G-P map) challenges traditional quantitative genetics. One key factor contributing to this nonlinearity is the developmental process, including diverse patterning and dynamic tissue deformation. Understanding the G-P map in the context of developmental processes is crucial for elucidating morphological evolution. The diverse molar morphologies of seals provide a good example, a previous study investigated their evolutionary dynamics by combining simulations and morphometric analyses [1].
In this study, we attempted to understand the G-P map structure by exploring the relationship between developmental processes and three-dimensional (3D) morphologies, focusing on seal molars. Using the morphological simulator ToothMaker [2], we generated various 3D morphologies of molar through exploration of eight key parameters of 26 parameters. Generalized Procrustes analysis was applied to quantify the generated 3D shapes and construct an empirical morphospace. Our results showed that the parameter Down growth (Dgr) had minimal impact on 3D morphology and the certain regions within the morphospace could not be occupied by varying these eight parameters.
Future work will involve 3D measurements and quantitative evaluations of actual seal molars. We aim to better understand the G-P map structure by comparing these empirical and computational results.
[1] Isaac Salazar-Ciudad and Jukka Jernvall, A computational model of teeth and the developmental origins of morphological variation, Nature 464 (2010), no. 7288, 583–586.
[2] Isaac Salazar-Ciudad and Miquel Marin-Riera, Adaptive dynamics under developmentbased genotype–phenotype maps, Nature 497 (2013), no. 7449, 361–364.
In this study, we attempted to understand the G-P map structure by exploring the relationship between developmental processes and three-dimensional (3D) morphologies, focusing on seal molars. Using the morphological simulator ToothMaker [2], we generated various 3D morphologies of molar through exploration of eight key parameters of 26 parameters. Generalized Procrustes analysis was applied to quantify the generated 3D shapes and construct an empirical morphospace. Our results showed that the parameter Down growth (Dgr) had minimal impact on 3D morphology and the certain regions within the morphospace could not be occupied by varying these eight parameters.
Future work will involve 3D measurements and quantitative evaluations of actual seal molars. We aim to better understand the G-P map structure by comparing these empirical and computational results.
[1] Isaac Salazar-Ciudad and Jukka Jernvall, A computational model of teeth and the developmental origins of morphological variation, Nature 464 (2010), no. 7288, 583–586.
[2] Isaac Salazar-Ciudad and Miquel Marin-Riera, Adaptive dynamics under developmentbased genotype–phenotype maps, Nature 497 (2013), no. 7449, 361–364.