講演情報
[1J09]How and why has the UK’s aid motivation shifted towards securing national interests?
*Masumi OWA1 (1. Chukyo University)
キーワード：
UK aid、national interest、domestic politics
1. Background and Research Question
The UK has gained a reputation as a global leader in development aid, especially during late 1990s and 2000s when Labour Party took power and poverty reduction was at the centre of its aid policy. Yet since 2010s, with the change of political leadership, national interests became more prominent in the UK aid. With this background, this paper analyses how the motivation of UK aid has shifted and the factors behind it since 1997.
2. Information, Data and Analytical Methods
This paper is based on academic literature, opinion polls and news sources. By focusing on the political leadership and the public opinion, it analyses the shift of UK aid motives by taking a closer look at the relationship between the domestic politics and the UK aid.
3. Major Findings
Although the political power shifted between the Labour and Conservative parties, there was no clear demarcation that the Labour government promotes policies in support for aid whereas Conservative government demote its aid policy. The individual belief and vision of politicians regardless of their political affiliation promoted UK’s aid policy, which contributed to the strong global leadership of UK aid. On the other hand, public support and electorate votes influence heavily in their articulation of communicating international development by the politicians. Economic stagnation and increase of asylum seekers pushed the political leaders in shifting UK’s aid policy towards protecting national interest, together with the influence by right-wing populist party. Finally, UK’s soft power was prioritised over the period but the context and reasoning behind promoting leadership shifted as well, influenced by the personalities of politicians, national interest as well as the change of global aid architecture.
The UK has gained a reputation as a global leader in development aid, especially during late 1990s and 2000s when Labour Party took power and poverty reduction was at the centre of its aid policy. Yet since 2010s, with the change of political leadership, national interests became more prominent in the UK aid. With this background, this paper analyses how the motivation of UK aid has shifted and the factors behind it since 1997.
2. Information, Data and Analytical Methods
This paper is based on academic literature, opinion polls and news sources. By focusing on the political leadership and the public opinion, it analyses the shift of UK aid motives by taking a closer look at the relationship between the domestic politics and the UK aid.
3. Major Findings
Although the political power shifted between the Labour and Conservative parties, there was no clear demarcation that the Labour government promotes policies in support for aid whereas Conservative government demote its aid policy. The individual belief and vision of politicians regardless of their political affiliation promoted UK’s aid policy, which contributed to the strong global leadership of UK aid. On the other hand, public support and electorate votes influence heavily in their articulation of communicating international development by the politicians. Economic stagnation and increase of asylum seekers pushed the political leaders in shifting UK’s aid policy towards protecting national interest, together with the influence by right-wing populist party. Finally, UK’s soft power was prioritised over the period but the context and reasoning behind promoting leadership shifted as well, influenced by the personalities of politicians, national interest as well as the change of global aid architecture.
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