講演情報
[1M02]New dynamics of herder-farmer conflict in Africa
*FU Hoi Yee1 (1. Senshu University)
キーワード：
Africa、Climate Change、Conflict、Herder、Development
This presentation examines the intensifying conflict between pastoralists and farmers in Nigeria, a crisis driven by climate change, land degradation, population growth, and weak governance. Traditionally, Fulani pastoralists and sedentary farmers coexisted through mutual dependence, but desertification and repeated droughts have forced pastoralist groups to migrate southward in search of grazing land. This migration has led to land-use conflicts, especially in Nigeria’s Middle Belt, where agricultural expansion has reduced access to traditional grazing reserves and migration routes. The erosion of customary dispute resolution systems and the rise of corruption in state institutions have further fueled grievances. In response, many states enacted anti-open grazing laws, which pastoralists view as discriminatory and unconstitutional, worsening tensions. Meanwhile, organized crime and armed militias—including some affiliated with pastoralist communities—have escalated violence, leading to thousands of deaths and mass displacement. The economic costs are substantial, including decreased food production and regional instability. The paper argues that current responses are inadequate, and that sustainable solutions must address the root causes—particularly climate stress, land policy, and social trust. Without such measures, the farmer-herder conflict risks becoming a broader national and regional security crisis.
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